Maritime Cyber Security & Threats April 2020 Week Two

In the above collection we see malicious actors attempting to use vessel names to try to spoof companies in the maritime supply chain. This week we observed a large percentage of these malicious emails attempting to deliver Windows trojan malware.   Some of the new Vessel names used this week include “MT Ocean Star” and we see “MV Phuong Dong 06” among others.

This week analysts observed a phishing email using the subject line of “PO#01391-04// EXP SHIPMENT// CARGO.”  Many of the most common phishing emails attackers use contain the phrase “PO” or “Purchase Order.”  These emails often reach financial departments which have access to sensitive company information.

Analysis shows that the email came from the “admin” at Guong Den LED.  This is a Vietnamese company manufacturing LED Mirror and Cosmetic tables (such as those used by makeup artists).  The sender only provides their first name which is not suspicious by itself but warrants closer inspection.

The target of the email appears to be an employee at Andritz.  Andritz is an international technology group providing plants, systems, equipment, and services for various industries.[1]  The group is headquartered in Austria and supplies the maritime industry with a list of products ranging including submersible motors, tidal current turbines, and exhaust gas cleaning systems.

The email contains a malicious .htm file attachment.  When opened, the file shows a login window for “MicroSoft Excel.” The malware even auto fills the username with the victim email address.  When the user enters their correct credentials, the malware captures the input and sends it to the attacker.   Although the login looks suspicious, the fact that it only accepts the correct username/password input indicates that it’s linked to a legitimate MS Office login portal.

In a separate malicious email, with subject line “VESSEL LINE UP – TARAKAN” analysts see the attackers referencing an Indonesian port – Tarakan. The malicious email is being sent from an address belonging to Sulfo Rwanda, the second largest manufacturing company in Rwanda.

The email is targeting Elettronica GF out of Italy.  This company is an electronic engineering company that focuses on embedded systems.  Their products are used in anything from security instrumentation to medical, and automation systems.  Installing a trojan on a host on this network would likely provide valuable and possibly propriety engineering data.

The malicious email consists of a message describing the loading/bunkering plans for the vessel. Attached is a malicious .xlsx file, with the same title as the subject line, which contains Trojan:Script/Wacatac.C!ml malware according to the Microsoft AV engine.[2]  In this case, the malware exploits a Microsoft Office memory corruption vulnerability described in CVE-2017-11882.

[1] https://www.andritz.com/group-en/about-us

[2]https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/b32f8f47ad68cee6c22730ff96a4bd5282613a5f4aa02168c797eb6d4d1386d7/detection

The more convincing an email appears, the greater the chance employees will fall for a scam.  To address this residual risk, software-based protection should be treated as one constituent of a wider strategy that also encompasses the human-element as well as organizational workflows and procedures.

It is imperative to:

• Train all levels of the marine supply chain to realize they are under constant cyber-attack.
• Stress maintaining constant attention to real-world cyber consequences of careless cyber practices or general inattentiveness.
• Provide practical guidance on how to look for a potential phishing attempt.
• Use direct communication to verify emails and supply chain email communication.
• Use Red Sky Alliance RedXray proactive support, our Vessel impersonation information and use the Maritime Black Lists to proactively block cyber attacks from identified malicious actors.